When Stated vs. Modeled Cost-of-Equity Diverges: Deal Incentives & Valuation Signals

Gist Investment bankers’ disclosed cost of equity (COE) estimates from takeover filings are significantly related to beta and firm size, but show weak or contradictory relations with many other firm-level risk factors—differing from common academic asset-pricing models. Banks assign higher COEs in management buyouts, lowering implied valuation of targets, which appears tied to incentive structures …

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2025 Dealmaking Surge: Mega-Deals, Rising Fees & Growing Regulatory/Capital Risks

Gist 2025 has witnessed a strong resurgence in global investment banking activity, driven by mega-M&A deals, rising strategic carve-outs, and major financing packages. Banks are adapting structurally: leadership reshuffles, focus on Washington politics for regulatory navigation, and competition in servicing high-stakes deals. Debt markets are loosening; large bridge loans and leverage are now back in …

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